Tying preterm birth, ADHD, absolute pitch identification, tapping fingers as a baby/learning piano young as fix:
I was 963.9g or 2 lb 2 oz when born (under 1000 gm) + before 28 weeks.
a) Thinner dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in < 1000 gm preterm births as teenagers.
“Consistently, thinner cortex was also observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex within those subjects with BW less than or equal to 1000 g or GA below or including 28 weeks. These findings may explain deficient cognitive functions observed in individuals born preterm. The thinner prefrontal cortex may particularly affect executive functions.”
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article/21/2/300/333672
b) In ADHD, a child with a a less effective Pre SMA which handles subsecond timings in the imagination (in the area that’s within voluntary control but just _prior_ to full awareness), can sometimes end up learning to rely on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which handles supra-second imagination timings to compensate – that is, CONSCIOUSLY doing subsecond timings (because the mechanism to offload subsecond timing just under awareness is faulty. The dorsolateral PFC is also faulty but is more amenable to getting stronger directly and consciously). Usually through finger/melody+timing practice.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11093293_Learning_of_sequences_of_finger_movements_and_timing_Frontal_lobe_and_action-oriented_representation
So they get better at conscious control and POSSIBLY control over that timing that’s “just prior” to full consciousness. (hypothesis – but I think I read something about ADHD having FASTER timing control when dealing with emotional (content) – quicker reaction, although I think it’s motor rather than non-motor – I have to find that again now that I know more)
c) musicians, particularly pianists and more particularly improvisational pianists, have thicker and stronger dlPFC – the right side handles melodies (or complicated motor patterns because melody and finger motor patterns are handled by the PreSMA and dlPFC alike) and as for the left dlPFC: IT HANDLES absolute pitch if any:
d) “It was noted that the left posterior dorsolateral frontal cortex was active when AP possessors identified single notes, as it was when both group identified intervals. In the light of data from a number of monkey, human lesion, and imaging studies which have shown that the posterior dorsolateral frontal cortex (BA 8 and rostral BA 6) is critically involved in aspects of conditional associative memory”
“Neuroanatomical Correlates of Musicianship as Revealed by Cortical Thickness and Voxel-Based Morphometry”
Expert jazz improvisation do NOT engage the dlPFC but use the preSMA for subsecond timings; however, I need to them find a study of music improvisation by ADHD musicians to see if they successfully thickened the the pre-supplementary motor area (Pre SMA) through practice or if they continued to use the dlPFC (conscious) to compensate. By experience, the sense of ‘muse’ doing the playing for me that I get get into but only when relaxed and in a particular frame of mind, indicates that my prefrontal cortex is offloading more to the subconscious motor systems allowing me to continue having control but also allowing me to make voluntary changes while talking about the weather or whatever – a kind of split situation.
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continuing:
continuing:
July 2022 research I did:
“Recent research has revealed that, apart from attentional problems, AD(H)D may involve a core deficit in auditory, visual, and motor timing (Falter and Noreika, 2011; Noreika et al., 2013), with timeframes ranging from milliseconds to minutes or even longer. The most consistent impairments are found in sensorimotor synchronization, duration discrimination, time-interval reproduction, and delay discounting”
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/33/10937.short?fbclid=IwAR2J99yuu8evmh572dS5IJ5b_jDCui7TEJ_r1_6PCUdHQJrncME–AcyZUE
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