There are some things in theoretical sciences (physics and others) that simply can’t ever be tested or proven in any meaningful way and are philosophy-of-science but not science as it was traditionally known.
This has led to a great deal of controversy over the last few years, particularly a battle between those who believe that mathematics alone is sufficient to be a full substitute for evidence in such cases and those that hold to science-as-it’s been
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there’s boundaries that when crossed move from science into either religion, philosophy or both and an honest reckoning of the distinction is important i think.
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