I’m not missing that piece of the puzzle of enforcement.
Discrimination usually applies to hiring/firing practices for jobs as well as on-the-job rules and treatment by public authorities/public sphere.
I asked ChatGPT4 to compile a few of the most common nations’ protected classes. My focus on discrimination has to do with the areas it’s normally considered; employment/private company as well as treatment by public officials.
1. United States: Race, Color, Religion, National origin, Age, Sex, Pregnancy, Citizenship, Familial status, Disability status, Veteran status, Genetic information.
2. Canada: Race, National or ethnic origin, Colour, Religion, Age, Sex, Sexual orientation, Marital status, Family status, Disability, Genetic characteristics.
3. Australia: Race, Colour, Sex, Sexual orientation, Age, Physical or mental disability, Marital status, Family or carer’s responsibilities, Pregnancy, Religion, Political opinion, National extraction, Social origin.
4. United Kingdom: Age, Disability, Gender reassignment, Marriage and civil partnership, Pregnancy and maternity, Race, Religion or belief, Sex, Sexual orientation.
5. France: Origin, Sex, Marital status, Pregnancy, Physical appearance, Family name, State of health, Disability, Genetic characteristics, Morals, Sexual orientation, Age, Political opinions, Trade union activities, Religion, Place of residence.
6. Germany: Race, Ethnic origin, Gender, Religion or belief, Disability, Age, Sexual identity.
7. Brazil: Origin, Race, Colour, Sex, Age, Marital status, Family status, Disability, Religion, Political opinion, Nationality, Economic status, Social status.
8. India: Religion, Race, Caste, Sex, Place of birth.
9. China: Nationality, Race, Sex, Religion, Disability.
10. South Africa: Race, Gender, Sex, Pregnancy, Marital status, Ethnic or social origin, Colour, Sexual orientation, Age, Disability, Religion, Conscience, Belief, Culture, Language, Birth.