concretizing mindset: IPS, left precentral gyrus, pre-SMA
magnitude processing (space/time):
bilateral insula, the pre-SMA, the right frontal operculum and the IPS
HOW (vs why)
OH! HELLO MAGNITUDE.
Walsh: 2003:
“A theory of magnitude: common cortical metrics of time, space and quantity”
and
|”According to the ATOM, formulated by Walsh more than fifteen years ago, there is a common system of magnitude in the brain that comprises regions – such as parietal cortex – shared by space, time and other magnitudes (Beudel, Renken, Leenders, & de Jong, 2009; Bueti & Walsh, 2009; Walsh, 2003).
The present meta-analysis clearly identified the presence of a set of brain regions that are commonly recruited in both space and time. This system includes bilateral insula, the pre-SMA, the right frontal operculum and the intraparietal sulci. Our study supports and updates the ATOM theory, as it showed not only overlapping activations between space and time but also revealed that spatial and temporal processing is arranged and organized along well-defined spatial gradients in the brain (see Figure 5).
For this reason, we now refer to Walsh’s theory as ‘GradiATOM’ (Gradient Theory of Magnitude). ‘GradiATOM’: Functional gradients underlying space and time
We found that pre-SMA, right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), left precentral gyrus and intraparietal sulci represent the areas of activation overlap with spatial gradients, along which space and time are mapped and organized in the brain. More specifically, the SMA showed an anteriorposterior gradient, with space activating more anterior regions (i.e., pre-SMA) and time activating more posterior regions (thus, SMA-proper to greater extent). Frontal and parietal regions showed a dorsal-ventral gradient. Space processing is supported by dorsal frontal and parietal regions, whereas time is more likely to recruit ventral frontal and parietal regions.
and from a neural correlates of concrete vs abstract
“Neural activity associated with concretization {(How > Why) \
(Exemplars > Categories)}
In order to find the neural correlates associated with a concretizing mindset, we searched for the conjunction of neural activity associated with the How > Why and the Exemplars > Categories contrasts. The results showed that a concretizing mindset recruits parts of the fronto-parietal action network: the IPL, the left precentral gyrus and the pre-SMA (Figure 1 and Table 2).”
concretizing mindset: IPS, left precentral gyrus, pre-SMA
magnitude processing (space/time):
bilateral insula, the pre-SMA, the right frontal operculum and the IPS
also:
“the midinsula and the frontal operculum make up the taste cortex (TC), which encodes the features of pure taste stimuli such as quality and intensity “